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Influence of soft rock-fill material as dam embankment with central bituminous concrete membrane

Peter TSCHERNUTTER

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 63-70 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0016-3

摘要： This paper demonstrates the difficulties in determining the relevant material parameters for a valuation of the deformation behavior of the up- and downstream dam shell by means of an embankment dam of medium height. Laboratory as well as field tests on solid rock-fill material were performed before the beginning of construction. During the construction the properties of the available rock-fill changed from solid to soft materials. This gave rise to the necessity of adjusting the dam design of the downstream dam shoulder. Several times higher dam settlements as well as significant differential settlements between the up- and downstream dam shell were observed during construction and operation. Apart from this situation, the dam has been operated for nearly 20 years and the behavior of the water barrier has been very good.

关键词： embankment dam bituminous concrete membrane rock-fill material properties deformation behavior

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高心墙堆石坝填筑施工过程实时监控系统研发与应用

崔博,胡连兴,刘东海

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第12期页码 91-96

摘要：

文章针对高心墙堆石坝填筑施工特点，建立了过程控制指标体系，确定了过程监控方法，提出了解决方案，研制开发了具有实时性、高精度、自动化、全天候等特点的大坝填筑施工过程监控系统，实现土石料上坝运输过程、坝面填筑碾压过程的实时监控。该系统应用于亚洲第一高土石坝——糯扎渡心墙堆石坝的施工现场，建立了以监控系统为核心的施工过程控制体系，对大坝填筑施工的主要环节实现精细化的全天候实时监控，有效地控制了大坝填筑施工参数，提高了施工过程的质量控制水平与效率。

关键词：高心墙堆石坝填筑施工过程实时监控上坝运输填筑碾压研发与应用

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Evaluation method of dam behavior during construction and reservoir filling and application to real dams

Yuji KOHGO, Akira TAKAHASHI, Tomokazu SUZUKI,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 92-101 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0009-2

摘要： In this paper we analyzed a real fill-type dam, named the Minami-Aiki Dam, to verify a numerical consolidation method with an elastoplastic model for unsaturated soils. The validities were conducted by comparing the analyzed and measured values during construction and impounding. The settlements calculated showed good agreement to those observed. Though the changing patterns of the measured and calculated pore water pressures were similar, the amounts of pore water pressures induced by the self-weights of embankment and the dissipation speeds were different. The earth pressures measured at the bottom of the core zone showed good agreement with those calculated. This method is valid for estimating behavior of fill-type dams during construction and impounding.

关键词： fill dam consolidation analysis unsaturated geo-materials impounding construction

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高心墙堆石坝坝面碾压施工仿真理论与应用

钟登华,赵晨生,张平

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第12期页码 28-32

摘要：

在对高心墙堆石坝坝面碾压系统进行全面分析的基础上，提出了以填筑单元为仿真单位的碾压施工仿真理论，建立了能够反映碾压过程中不确定因素的精细化仿真模型，保证仿真贴近实际施工。研究成果在糯扎渡心墙堆石坝工程的填筑单元中得到了应用，验证了方法的可靠性，对于大坝现场碾压施工具有指导意义，为工程进度控制和管理提供了技术支持。

关键词：高心墙堆石坝坝面碾压施工仿真

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Analysis on damage causes of built-in corridor in core rock-fill dam on thick overburden: A case study

Jia’ao YU; Zhenzhong SHEN; Zhangxin HUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第6期页码 762-780 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0847-8

摘要： The stress state of the built-in corridor in core rock-fill dam on thick overburden is extremely complex, which may produce cracking and damage. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of thick overburden on the stress and deformation of the built-in corridor in a rock-fill dam, and ascertain the damage causes of the corridor. The rationality of the analysis method for corridor with similar structure is another focus. The approach is based on finite-element method and the calculation result accuracy is verified by the field monitoring data. The improved analysis method for corridors with similar structure is proposed by comparing various corridor load calculation methods and concrete constitutive models. Results demonstrate that the damage causes of the corridor are the deformability difference between the overburden and concrete and the special structural form. And the calculation model considering dam construction process, contact between concrete and surrounding soil, and concrete damage plasticity can reasonably reflect the mechanical behavior of the corridor. The research conclusions may have a reference significance for the analysis of tunnels similar to built-in corridors.

关键词： thick overburden built-in corridor stress deformation causes for damage concrete damaged plasticity

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重大水利水电工程施工实时控制关键技术及其工程应用

马洪琪,钟登华,张宗亮,孙玉军,刘东海

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第12期页码 20-27

摘要：

高心墙堆石坝和高混凝土坝的施工质量与施工进度控制是工程建设的重要技术问题。针对常规人工控制手段难以确保高心墙堆石坝施工质量，以及高强度连续施工下高混凝土坝施工进度难以实时控制等问题，提出了高心墙堆石坝填筑碾压质量实时监控技术、坝料上坝运输过程实时监控技术和施工质量动态信息PDA实时采集技术，实现了大坝填筑碾压全过程的全天候、精细化、在线实时监控；在建立高混凝土坝施工进度实时控制数学模型基础上，提出了施工进度实时预警与动态调整方法，为高混凝土坝施工进度的实时预测、适时预警、动态调整与优化提供了分析手段；提出了网络环境下数字大坝系统集成技术，研制开发了数字大坝系统，为大坝竣工验收、安全鉴定及运行管理提供了支撑平台。成果已应用于10余项重大工程，取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。

关键词：高心墙堆石坝高混凝土坝施工质量施工进度实时监控数字大坝

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土石方动态调配模型与可视化研究

胡程顺,钟登华,张静,洪文,李明超

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第12期页码 73-79

摘要：

土石方调配是土石坝或堆石坝施工中的一个核心问题，其合理与否对降低工程造价和保证工程的顺利进行具有重要的经济、技术价值。根据其受时间-空间影响与约束的特点，文章在总结现有研究成果的基础上，采用系统分析的手段，提出了一种将动态问题静态化的方法，并利用线性规划大M单纯形法对问题进行求解。在数学模型上，深入而细致地考虑了实际施工中的一些人为约束因素，增强了模型的通用性与灵活性；借助于GIS技术的强大空间信息处理功能，将土石方调配成果以三维动画的形式显示出来，以达到形象直观的目的；在程序实现上，采用强大的程序设计语言工具VC++开发出了界面友好、操作简单、适用性强的软件。最后，以其在某大型土石坝工程土石方调配项目中的成功应用，验证了此项研究工作的合理性与优越性。

关键词：土石坝施工土石方调配动态调配线性规划可视化

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Long-term dam safety monitoring of Punt dal Gall arch dam in Switzerland

M. WIELAND, G.F. KIRCHEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 76-83 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0144-z

摘要： The 130 m high Punt dal Gall dam is located at the Swiss-Italian border in the South-eastern part of Switzerland and was completed in 1969. The dam is founded on highly folded and partially crushed dolomite and limestone formations. A grout curtain with an area of 120,000 m was provided for controlling seepage. For the monitoring of the dam deformations five inverted pendulums were installed in the dam and three in the rock foundation of the right abutment outside of the dam. For a seasonal water level fluctuation in the reservoir of about 60 m the maximum amplitude of the radial displacement is 25 mm, which includes both the effects of the water load and temperature effects. Furthermore a comprehensive geodetic network was established, 57 joint meters were installed and cracks in the crest gallery are monitored by crack meters. There are also thermometers, piezometers and rocmeters. Springs at the left and right banks of the dam are monitored and chemical analyses of the seepage water and springs are performed regularly. The dam is equipped with strong motion instruments and several near-field earthquakes have been recorded in the past. The paper describes the long-term safety monitoring of this 42 years old arch dam. A short description of the Swiss practice in dam safety monitoring and emergency planning is also given.

关键词： dam safety concept arch dam dam instrumentation dam safety monitoring

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我国高坝建设和科技攻关

陈宗梁

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第12期页码 84-89

摘要：

介绍了我国大坝建设的发展和特点，概括了高坝建设中的地质勘探、坝工技术、泄洪消能、坝基处理和髙边坡处理等方面的科技成果和应用水平，展望了我国高坝发展前景并指出今后高坝科技攻关重点。

关键词：水力发电高坝重力坝拱坝碾压混凝土坝面板堆石坝

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Features of seismic hazard in large dam projects and strong motion monitoring of large dams

Martin WIELAND,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 56-64 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0005-6

摘要： Earthquakes can affect large dam projects in many different ways. Usually, design engineers are focussing on ground shaking and neglect the other aspects. The May 12, 2008 Wenchuan earthquake has damaged 1803 dams and reservoirs, and 403 hydropower plants with an installed capacity of 3.3GW. Among these dams were the 132-m-high Shapai RCC arch dam and the 156-m-high Zipingpu concrete face rockfill dam. These recently completed dams are dam types which, up to now, have not experienced strong ground shaking. The widespread mass movements have caused substantial damage to dams and surface powerhouses in Sichuan. The different features of earthquake hazard are presented, i.e., ground shaking, faulting and mass movements. It is proposed to prepare project-specific safety plans for all dams, which consist of a matrix where the possible hazards and the corresponding countermeasures are listed. The earthquake behaviors of the Sefid Rud, Zipingpu and Shapai dams, which, in the past, have experienced strong ground shaking from nearby earthquakes, are discussed. Finally, the need for strong motion instrumentation of large dams is discussed. It is proposed that major dams with large damage potential, dams located in areas of high seismicity, and dams showing signs of abnormal behavior be equipped with strong motion instruments.

关键词： seismic hazard arch dam concrete face rockfill dam strong motion instrumentation reservoir-triggered seismicity Wenchuan earthquake

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Key problems and solutions in arch dam heightening

Zuoguang FU, Yunlong HE, Sheng SU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 98-104 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0004-7

摘要： The dam heightening, which is an effective way to increase reservoir volume, has been paid close attention by engineers. Three problems should be dealt with when an arch dam needs to be heightened: stress state getting worse at dam heel, cracking on new added concrete dam surface, and weak bonding between new added concrete and old dam. Taking Geba arch dam as an example, these problems are examined in details through simulation analysis by the finite element method. The tensile stresses on dam’s surface and joint face that have certain relations to the dam heightening can be controlled by some measures.

关键词： arch dam heighten tensile stress finite element method

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Analysis of arch dam deformations

Franz PERNER, Pius OBERNHUBER,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 102-108 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0012-7

摘要： Predicting “regular” dam deformations for prevailing conditions and comparing them with observed deformations is an essential part of dam surveillance. In many cases prediction and comparison are carried out automatically and an alarm is triggered in the case of larger deviations.The main contributors to the deformations of arch dams are water loading and the fluctuation of concrete temperature. In general, the deformations exhibit an instantaneous elastic part, a time dependent reversible part and an irreversible part. Prediction of dam deformations can be based on deterministic models, purely statistical models or so-called hybrid models, which are a combination of the first two. Deterministic models rely on static analyses, statistical models on the statistical analysis of previous deformation data.For annual reservoirs, both water loading and temperature vary in cycles over a period of one year and it is extremely difficult to identify the various factors contributing to an observed deformation. This is particularly true for time-dependent reversible displacements due to the water loading and the portion caused by temperature variation.The present article deals with the analysis of arch dam deformations based on hybrid models. Particular attention is given to the analysis of the deformations due to temperature fluctuation and to the long-term deformations. The proposed procedure is employed for the analysis of the deformations of the 186 m high Zillergruendl arch dam.

关键词： arch dam analysis Zillergruendl concrete temperature hybrid model

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胶结颗粒料坝——环境友好的新坝型

贾金生, Michel Lino, 金峰, 郑璀莹

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第4期页码 490-497 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.04.003

摘要：

笔者于2009年提出了胶结颗粒料坝的概念，目的在于修建更安全、更经济的环境友好的大坝。该坝型包括胶结砂砾石坝(曾用名胶凝砂砾石坝)、堆石混凝土坝(或胶结堆石坝)和胶结土坝。本文基于研究和实践，进一步阐述了胶结颗粒料坝的概念和原则，介绍了胶结砂砾石坝、堆石混凝土坝和胶结土坝的新进展。

关键词：胶结颗粒料坝胶结砂砾石坝堆石混凝土坝胶结堆石坝胶结土坝材料特性

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Hongshiyan Landslide Dam Danger Removal and Coordinated Management

Ning Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第3期页码 308-317 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014041

摘要： This paper takes an overview of the Hongshiyan landslide dam triggered by an earthquake near Ludian County in Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, introduces how the danger removal plan is drafted and implemented, and analyzes the outcome of its implementation. The paper then explains the significance and effect of coordinated management in the event of natural disasters and other public safety emergencies, and discusses ways to improve coordinated management.

关键词： the Zhaotong Ludian earthquake danger removal of the landslide dam coordinated management

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混凝土大坝加高施工关键技术研究

周厚贵

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第7期页码 87-92

摘要：

以国内外混凝土坝加高工程施工实践为基础，系统总结混凝土重力坝后帮整体式加高施工中的4项关键技术，即混凝土原材料及配合比、新老混凝土结合、原有结构体的控制拆除与转移、施工期资源的时间与空间调配。针对其中的每一项关键技术，分析了施工技术难点与特点、施工技术要求，并总结了技术措施和解决策略，以期为同类型工程建设提供参考与借鉴。

关键词：施工技术坝体加高混凝土坝水利水电工程